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p roduction d ata s heet t he i nfinite p ower of i nnovation l in f inity m icroelectronics i nc . 11861 w estern a venue , g arden g rove , ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, f ax : 714-893-2570 1 copyright ? 1999 rev. 1.4a,2005-04-04 lx6431 / 6431a / 6431b p recision p rogrammable r eferences description the lx6431 series precision adjustable three terminal shunt voltage regulators are pin-to-pin compatible with the industry standard tl431, but with significant improvements. the lx6431 design has eliminated regions of instability common to older generation shunt regulator products like the tl431. designs are made simpler by eliminating the task of insuring capacitive loads, and output voltage and cathode currents don?t combine for unstable operation. the capacitor value is chose simply to give the best load transient response without the possibility of instability. a lower reference input current allows the use of higher value reference divider resistors, reducing the current drain from batteries in portable equipment as well as reducing the voltage programming errors due to the impedance of the divider network (see product highlight) in addition, the lx6431b has an improved initial accuracy of 0.4%, and the output voltage is programmable by using two external resistors from 2.5v to 36v. these devices offer low output impedance for improved load regulation. the typical output impedance of these devices is 100m ? . the reduced reference input bias current and minimum operating currents make these devices suitable for portable and micro power applications. important: for the most current data, consult microsemi ?s website: http://www.microsemi.com key features ? unconditionally stable for all cathode to anode capacitance values ? reduced reference input current allowing the use of higher value divider resistors (0.5a) ? initial voltage reference accuracy of 0.4% (lx6431b) ? sink current capability 0.6ma to 100ma ? typical output dynamic impedance less than 100m ? ? adjustable output voltage from 2.5v to 36v product highlight output voltage error due to i ref package order info pk plastic to-89 3-pin dm plastic soic 8-pin lp plastic to-92 3-pin t a ( c) initial tolerance rohs compliant / pb-free transition d/c: 0518 rohs compliant / pb-free transition d/c: 0440 rohs compliant / pb-free transition d/c: 0509 2% lx6431cpk lx6431cdm lx6431clp 1% lx6431acpk lx6431acdm lx6431aclp 0 to 70 0.4% lx6431bcpk lx6431bcdm lx6431bclp 2% lx6431ipk lx6431idm lx6431ilp 1% lx6431aipk lx6431aidm lx6431ailp -40 to 85 0.4% lx6431bipk lx6431bidm lx6431bilp note: available in tape & reel. append the letters ?tr? to the part number. (i.e. lx6431cdm-tr)
p roduction d ata s heet t he i nfinite p ower of i nnovation l in f inity m icroelectronics i nc . 11861 w estern a venue , g arden g rove , ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, f ax : 714-893-2570 2 copyright ? 1999 rev. 1.4a,2005-04-04 lx6431 / 6431a / 6431b p recision p rogrammable r eferences absolute maximum ratings cathode to anode voltage (v ka ).................................................................... -0.3v to 37v reference input current (i ref ) .....................................................................-50a to 10a continuous cathode current (i k )........................................................... -100ma to 150ma operating temper ature range ................................................................................... 150 c maximum operating junction temperature plastic (dm & lp packages) ..................................................................................... 150 c storage temperat ure rang e.........................................................................-65 c to 150 c package peak temp. for solder reflow (40 seconds maximum exposure) ... 260c (+0 -5) note: exceeding these ratings could cause damage to the device. all voltages are with respect to ground. currents are positive into, negative out of specified terminal . pin numbers refer to dil packages only. thermal data dm plastic soic 8-pin thermal resistance - junction to a mbient , ja 165 c/w lp plastic to-92 3-pin thermal resistance - junction to a mbient , ja 156 c/w pk plastic to-89 3-pin thermalresistance - junction to tab , jt 35c/w thermal resistance - junction to a mbient , ja 71 c/w junction temperature calculation: t j = t a + (p d x ja ). the ja numbers are guidelines for the thermal performan ce of the device/pc-board system. all of the above assume no ambient airflow. package pin out cathode n.c. anode n.c. n.c. anode anode ref 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 dm p ackage (top view) 1 cathode 2 3 anode ref lp p ackage (top view) ref anode cathode 1 2 3 pk p ackage (top view) n.c. ? no connection rohs / pb-free 100% matte tin lead finish simplified block diagram + - v ref ref(r) cathode (k) anode (a)
p recision p rogrammable r eferences lx6431/lx6431a/lx6431b product databook 1996/1997 3 copyright ? 1999 rev. 1.4a p roduction d ata s heet electrical characteristics (note 2) (unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply over the operating ambient temperatures for lx6431c/lx6431ac/lx6431bc w ith 0c t a 70c, lx6431i/lx6431ai/lx6431bi with -40c t a 85c.) parameter symbol test conditions lx6431 units min. typ. max. 2440 2550 mv 2470 2520 mv 2490 2510 mv 15 mv 25 mv 15 mv 25 mv 15 mv 20 mv 0.3 1 mv/v 0.3 1 mv/v 0.1 0.5 a 0.1 0.5 a 0.4 0.6 ma 0.4 0.6 ma 0.3 1 a 30 100 m ? reference input voltage lx6431 v ref i k = 10ma, v ka = v ref , t a = 25c, lx6431a i k = 10ma, v ka = v ref , t a = 25c lx6431b i k = 10ma, v ka = v ref , t a = 25c reference drift lx6431 i k = 10ma, v ka = v ref , 0c t a 70c i k = 10ma, v ka = v ref , -40c t a 85c lx6431a i k = 10ma, v ka = v ref , 0c t a 70c i k = 10ma, v ka = v ref , -40c t a 85c lx6431b i k = 10ma, v ka = v ref , 0c t a 70c i k = 10ma, v ka = v ref , -40c t a 85c voltage ratio, reference to cathode i k = 10ma, v ka = 2.5v to 36v, t a = 25c (note 3) i k = 10ma, v ka = 2.5v to 36v, t a = operating range reference input current i ref v ka = v ref , t a = 25c v ka = v ref , t a = operating range minimum operating current i min v ka = v ref to 36v, t a = 25c v ka = v ref to 36v, t a = operating range off-state cathode current i off v ka = 36v, v ref = 0v, t a = 25c dynamic impedance z ka v ka = v ref , i k = 0.6ma to 100ma, f 1khz, t a = 25c note 2. these parameters are guaranteed by design. note 3. ratio of change in reference input voltage to the change in cathode voltage. ? v ref ? v ka
p recision p rogrammable r eferences lx6431/lx6431a/lx6431b product databook 1996/1997 copyright ? 1999 rev. 1.4a 4 p roduction d ata s heet graph / curve index characteristic curves figure # 1. reference voltage vs. free-air temperature 2. reference current vs. free-air temperature 3. cathode current vs. cathode voltage 4. off-state cathode current vs. free-air temperature 5. ratio of delta reference voltage to delta cathode voltage vs. free-air temperature 6. equivalent input noise voltage vs. frequency figure index application information figure # 7. comparison of reference resistor values between an lx6431b and a tl1431. resistors used with the lx6431b are 5 times higher in value. 8. comparison of reference resistor values between an lx6431b and a tl1431. when used as 0.5%, 5v shunt regulators. parameter measurement information figure # 9. test circuit for v ka = v ref 10. test circuit for v ka > v ref 11. test circuit for i off typical characteristics figure # 12. equivalent input noise voltage over a 10-second period 13. small-signal voltage amplification vs. frequency 14. reference impedance vs. frequency 15. pulse response 16. differential voltage amplification vs. frequency
p recision p rogrammable r eferences lx6431/lx6431a/lx6431b product databook 1996/1997 5 copyright ? 1999 rev. 1.4a p roduction d ata s heet characteristic curves figure 2. ? reference current vs. free-air temperature figure 3. ? cathode current vs. cathode voltage figure 4. ? off-state cathode current vs. free-air temperature figure 1. ? reference voltage vs. free-air temperature 0.11 0.1 (t a ) ambient temperature - ( c) 0.15 (i ref ) reference current - (a) 0.12 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 0.13 i k = 10ma r1 = 10k 0.14 2.49 2.48 (t a ) ambient temperature - ( c) 2.52 (v ref ) reference voltage - (v) 2.50 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 2.51 v ref = v ka i k = 10ma 0 -200 (v ka ) cathode voltage - (v) 800 (i k ) cathode current - (a) 200 -2 -1 0 1 234 400 v ka = v ref t a = 25c 600 0.2 0 (t a ) ambient temperature - ( c) 0.8 (i off ) off-state cathode current - (a) 0.4 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 0.6 v ka = 36v v ref = 0 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7
p recision p rogrammable r eferences lx6431/lx6431a/lx6431b product databook 1996/1997 copyright ? 1999 rev. 1.4a 6 p roduction d ata s heet characteristic curves figure 6. ? equivalent input noise voltage vs. frequency figure 5. ? ratio of delta reference voltage to delta cathode voltage vs. free-air temperature 120 100 (f) frequency - (hz) 260 (v n ) noise voltage - (nv/ hz) 140 10 100 1k 10k 100k 200 220 160 180 240 i o = 10ma t a = 25 c -0.4 -0.6 (t a ) ambient temperature - ( c) 0 ? v ref / ? v ka - (mv/v) -0.3 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 v ka = 3v to 36v -0.5 -0.2 -0.1
p recision p rogrammable r eferences lx6431/lx6431a/lx6431b product databook 1996/1997 7 copyright ? 1999 rev. 1.4a p roduction d ata s heet the output voltage of the reference can be programmed by using the formula below: if more accuracy is required then the effects of the input bias current (i ref ) must be taken into account. the formula below accounts for the error this current produces. smaller values of programming resistors tend to minimize bias current errors. in this respect the low input current characteristics of the lx6431b helps to reduce the power dissipation on the programming resistors by a factor of five compared to other references like the tl1431 and tl431. the lx6431 series of voltage references have an enhanced circuit design that can tolerate any value of cathode to anode capacitance. application information application hints the reference input current of the lx6431 series voltage refer- ences is much lower than other similar precision parts. this helps to design programmable voltage references that can use much higher value programming resistors while maintaining the same accuracy as the other precision parts. figure 7 below shows a 5v, 1% shunt regulator using the lx6431b and a shunt regulator using the tl1431 (also available from linfinity). figure 8 shows 0.5% shunt regulators. noteworthy are the values of the reference resistors used in the two circuits. with the lx6431b it is possible to use 25k resistors for setting the output voltage with 1% precision as opposed to 5k programming resistors when the same precision needs to be achieved with a tl1431. lx6431b 1k 0.1% 1k 0.1% r1 r2 gnd a) v ka 5v, 0.5% v in figure 8 ? comparison of reference resistor values between an lx6431b and a tl1431, when used as 0.5%, 5v shunt regulators. tl1431 240 0.1% 240 0.1% r1 r2 gnd b) v ka 5v, 0.5% v in v2.5 1 r1 r2 ir1 ka ref =?+ ? ? ? ? ? ? +? v2.5 1 r1 r2 ka ??+ ? ? ? ? ? ? lx6431b 25k 0.1% 25k 0.1% r1 r2 gnd a) v ka 5v, 1 % v in tl1431 5k 0.1% 5k 0.1% r1 r2 gnd b) v ka 5v, 1 % v in figure 7 ? comparison of reference resistor values between an lx6431b and an tl1431, resistors used with the lx6431b are 5 times higher in value.
p recision p rogrammable r eferences lx6431/lx6431a/lx6431b product databook 1996/1997 copyright ? 1999 rev. 1.4a 8 p roduction d ata s heet parameter measurement information figure 9 ? test circuit for v ka = v ref v k a input v ref i k figure 10 ? test circuit for v ka > v ref v k a input v ref i k r 1 r 2 i ref figure 11 ? test circuit for i off v k a input i off
p recision p rogrammable r eferences lx6431/lx6431a/lx6431b product databook 1996/1997 9 copyright ? 1999 rev. 1.a p roduction d ata s heet typical characteristics -5 -6 ( t ) time - ( s ) 5 (v n ) input noise voltage - (v) -3 0 2 4 68 1 2 -2 -1 3 f = 0.1 to 10hz i k = 10ma t a = 25 c -4 0 4 10 6 figure 12. ? equivalent input noise voltage over a 10-second period 19.1v 1k 910 2000f lx6431 (dut) 2000f 820 16 500f 0.1f 160k 16k 16k 1f v cc v ee tle2027 a v = 10v/mv 1f 33k 33k v ee v cc tle2027 2.2f cro 1m a v = 2v/v test circuit for 0.1hz to 10hz equivalent input noise voltage
p recision p rogrammable r eferences lx6431/lx6431a/lx6431b product databook 1996/1997 copyright ? 1999 rev. 1.4a 10 p roduction d ata s heet typical characteristics figure 13. ? small-signal voltage amplification vs. frequency 9f 15k 8.25k 230 output gnd i k test circuit for voltage amplification 1k 100k 10m -10 20 ( f ) fre q uenc y - ( hz ) (a v ) voltage amplification - (db) 0 50 10k 1m 30 40 60 70 10 i k = 10ma t a = 25 c figure 14. ? reference impedance vs. frequency 1k 100k 0.1 10 ( f ) fre q uenc y - ( hz ) (|z ka |) reference impedance - ( ) 1 100 10k 1m 10m i k = 1ma to 100ma t a = 25 c 50 1k i k outpu t gnd test circuit for reference impedance
p recision p rogrammable r eferences lx6431/lx6431a/lx6431b product databook 1996/1997 11 copyright ? 1999 rev. 1.4a p roduction d ata s heet typical characteristics figure 15. ? pulse response 05 0 (t) time - (s) 6 v in - (v) 2 1 2 2 134 4 1 (v ka ) output voltage - (v) 0 3 3 5 6 gnd outpu t 220 50 pulse generator f = 100khz test circuit for pulse response figure 16. ? differential voltage amplification vs. frequency 10f c 1 r1 100k r2 100k +35v r4 2 r3 1k 10f c 2 to network analyzer as dut output port to network analyzer as dut input port with 10x probe dut is bias at 30ma and 5v frequency - (hz) a vd - differential voltage amplification - (db) -50 1k 10k 100k 1m 50 180 phase shift phase shift g m /20 90 -90 0 -180 30 10 -10 0 -30 test setup for measuring a vd vs. frequency production data - information contained in this document is proprietary to linfinity, and is current as of publication date. t his document may not be modified in any way without the express written consent of linfinity. product processing does not necessarily inclu de testing of all parameters. linfinity reserves the right to change the configuration and performance of the product and to discontinue pro duct at any time.

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